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F's Seminar 2023

  • Reona FUKUHARA  (M2)

  • Ayaka SAKAKIBARA (M2)

  • Kakeru KIKUCHI (M1)

  • WANG YUXUAN (Research Student)

  • Magda Yukari HAGIYA CORREDO (B4)

  • Daichi KONO (B3)

  • Haruna TSUTSUMI (B3)

  • Miyu NISHIMURA (B3)

  • Hitomi HANATSUKA (B2)

  • Observer Participation: UIPJ (B2/B1)

集合写真2022.jpg

B3 Miyu NISHIMURA


I will introduce the trip to the Netherlands for a week during the summer vacation as a study camp with a Fujii seminar. We mainly visited the International Criminal Court and other international organizations, the Japanese Embassy, and the Museums about Jewish History.


On the first day, we visited the Jewish Resistance Museum and learned about how Jews lived and resisted after the occupation by Nazi Germany. There was an exhibit that focused on four children from different backgrounds, a family was Jewish and hid his brother, a family was Dutch but supported the Nazis, and so on. Looking at the exhibits, I thought of the people who lived while struggling with various difficulties and felt the tragedy of war and persecution.


On the second and fourth day, we went sightseeing around Delft and Leiden. In the Delft, we visit the New Church rest Grotius, who was said to be the father of international law. We went up the spiral staircase of the church tower to the observatory, where we could look over the town of Delft. It was raining that day, but the view was very beautiful. We also went to Leiden market and visited Leiden University, the alma mater of Professor Fujii. Not only the universities and churches but also the scenery everywhere in the Netherlands was picturesque. I could feel the history with the cobblestone floors, brick houses, and square windows.






On the third day, we visited the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Embassy of Japan. As I studied about "Prosecutorial Discretion at the International Criminal Court" in the Fujii seminar class last semester, I was incredibly impressed to be able to see the court. When I observed the trial, I could not hear the audio to prevent personal information from being leaked. However, I still tried to guess what was being discussed and paid attention to the expressions on the faces of the prosecutors and judges. After the trial, I had dinner with the ICC staff. In connection with a human rights issue in which I am interested, I asked ICC staff, " How do you judge when a local custom or culture is an issue in the international society?". She told me to research the country's history and listen to the stories of various local people, and the most important thing is to set "certain standards" within yourself, such as "up to this point is acceptable and from this point on it is unacceptable. I also learned that it is difficult for some women in Africa even to show their houses on a map when confirming their testimonies and that they can only get their questions across if they are phrased simply. I also learned that solving human rights issues, including educational disparity derived from gender disparity, will lead to fair trials. At the Embassy of Japan, we heard their work experience and career at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.






The fifth day was an international open day when all the international organizations in The Hague were open to the public simultaneously. I visited the ICC, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, the EUROJUST, and the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). At the EUROJUST, it was fun to learn about the efforts of EUROJUST by answering the questions. At the OPCW, I also saw a demonstration of how to put on protective clothing.


This camp was a fulfilling week and a valuable opportunity to visit international organizations because I would work there in the future. After returning to Japan, I will participate in a role-playing competition organized by the International Committee of the Red Cross, scheduled for December. I will make the most of each day and study hard to achieve my dream!



M2 Ayaka SAKAKIBARA


This essay shares my experience and thoughts on III. Kirimli Dr. Aziz Bey IHL Competition & Advanced Summer School in Türkiye from 4th to 9th September 2023. Participation in an International Humanitarian Law (IHL) competition was not my first time, but the conditions differed from what I had experienced in past competitions in Japan. Therefore, the six days were really exciting and challenging for me.





The Condition of the Program

The first unique point of the competition was that participants' development through the summer school was evaluated. It was the reflection of a variety of students. Their degrees in IHL were different from student to student; some had just started their studies at university. Lectures started with a basic theoretical framework and ideas of IHL and then moved on to concrete topics. Thanks to this flow, participants could keep up with the important discussion points surrounding emerging and controversial issues, such as the protection of animals and autonomous weapons and cyber attacks as means or methods of warfare.

Another distinctive characteristic of the program design was the emphasis on presentation skills. The organizer kindly allowed us to receive tutor feedback on our presentation after each competition exercise. They included the structure of arguments, how to display juries with our teamwork, and attitudes in delivering arguments; others were doing it, which was very helpful to improve our performance in the next section.

The other unique aspect of the program was that the participants had to compete with the other teams and their teammates. It was confusing at first, and I was struggling to build teamwork in the preparation and presentation times on the one hand and make better performances than my teammates on the other hand.


A Challenge and Development through the Program

The biggest challenge was the English fluency gap between me and the other participants. This mattered especially in constructing strategies with my teammates toward exercises. Their speed in grasping the contexts of scenarios was far beyond mine. In such a case, I could not join the discussions and lost chances to make use of what I had learned in Japan in constructing our team's strategies. Furthermore, it was also hard for me to interrupt discussions between my teammates and juries to help the former and add legal opinions and solutions. I was just one beat behind in starting my argument, making it challenging to join discussions. However, my disadvantage was covered thanks to our teamwork getting better and better.

When it comes to presentation skills, I made progress through the competition. I was advised to look at juries as well as members of the opposition side, to show confidence, and to present our teamwork by allocating the same length of time to each member in our presentation. To those points, I could improve my performance. The remaining problems were the volume of my voice and the emphasis on important words in my arguments. I will practice this aspect for another competition or presentation. The moot court completed by the finalists was amazing. It was apparent why the finalist could move on to the next stage. The audience could learn many things to improve their performance from the finalists' behavior, tone and volume of voice, and assisting teammates each other. It would be really effective to improve our presentation after the competition.


Conclusion

Overall, I enjoyed a lot through the summer school and competition. They enhanced my knowledge of IHL and my skills to deliver opinions and ideas better. The interaction with other participants was also memorable. I will inform members of the international law seminar at the university of my experience and knowledge acquired through the program, including the book "Kirimli Dr. Aziz Bey Collected Courses on International Humanitarian Law Vol. 1" introduced on the last day, which is beneficial for us to learn specific and vital issues in current IHL.

I would like to express my appreciation to my supervisor, Associate Prof. Hiroshige Fujii, for assisting me in participating in the program and having taught at IHL for years. I would also like to thank the program's organizers, lecturers, and staff for teaching, encouraging, and supporting me through 6 days.





  • 令和4年度宇都宮大学学生表彰に藤井研究室から2チーム+ハギヤさんが表彰されました。




  • 藤井研究室にて初の修士号取得!横山さん6年間本当によく頑張られました。心からお祝い申し上げます。



◎横山友輝 

学位論文:紛争後平和構築における国連警察主導のコミュニティ・ポリシング戦略再考

-非公式な制度による治安維持への関与をめぐるアフリカの事例研究を通して-


論文要旨:本論文は、国連警察がアフリカの平和構築においてコミュニティ・ポリシング戦略を通した、紛争後社会の秩序維持を促進していることに着目し、警察制度が脆弱なアフリカの現実に適切であるのか、アフリカの慣習的な紛争解決メカニズムや自警団といった非公式な治安維持制度を通して考察した。非公式な治安維持制度を巻き込んだ方法でのコミュニティ・ポリシング戦略は国際的な人権基準などの面から、治安維持制度として適切とは言えないものも存在するが、国連警察の正統性、受入国政府の利益を検証し、国連警察がすべての非公式な制度をコミュニティ・ポリシング戦略に巻き込めるわけではなく、それぞれに許される範囲(許容性)があるという観点から、どのような非公式な制度をコミュニティ・ポリシング戦略に取り入れることができるのかを考察した。さらに、国連警察によるコミュニティ・ポリシング戦略として、非公式な制度による治安維持を促進するための、公式な制度の構築も必要であることを明らかにしている。




  • 藤井研究室の鈴木さんと菊地さんが学部長特別表彰に選ばれ、学位授与式にてスピーチをされました。



            皆さん本当におめでとうございます。



  • 2023年6月3日(土)に2023年度宇都宮大学多文化公共圏フォーラム 第5回「東ティモールの平和と外交」を実施いたしました。講師の外山聖子様、学生にもとてもフレンドリーに接していただきました。ご多用の折、宇都宮までご訪問いただきまして誠にありがとうございました。



           講演後の座談会に参加した学生たちと外山様

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